PART D- Ultrasound -PSI-Physics-ARDMS, questions & answers

  •    For those who are writing the SPI- Ultrasound physics exam. I have notes for sale it is about 1500  multiple choices sets for ARDMS -spi exam = 50 USA DOLLARS. I study those notes and passed my exam 670/700 . If you want to buy i can copy the notes and send them to you in e mail or by mail   you can reach me atdrsteveramsey@gmail.com . I will also include some of the ideas about the 12 simulation questions.  The payment with  PayPal      to drsteveramsey@gmail.com ,  fetal gender , Saad Ismail   
  • what is the average velocity of ultrasound in soft tissue at 5.0 MHz ?
  1. (A) 1540 meters per millisecond
    (B) 1540 meters per microsecond
    (C) 1540 meters per nanosecond
    (D) 1540 meters per second       correct answer

  2. Red blood cells are an example of a
    (A) rayleigh reflector
    (B) non-specular reflector
    (C) strong reflector             correct answer
    (D) mirror reflector

  3. Which has a higher acoustic impedance coefficient ?
    (A) solid                correct
    (B) liquid
    (C) gas
    (D) all the above

  4. A hyperechoic region is
    (A) low amplitude
    (B) anechoic
    (C) echo free
    (D) echogenic                     correct

  5. The angle of refraction is described by
    (A) Snell’s law                              correct
    (B) Curie’s principle
    (C) Huygen’s principle
    (D) speed differences

  6. What is reflection in multiple directions from a reflector that is small relative to
    the wavelength
    (A) multipath artifact
    (B) Snell’s scattering
    (C) Hguyens principle
    (D) Rayleigh scattering               correct

  7. Receiver demodulation can not be controlled by the sonographer
    (A) True      correct
    (B) False

  8. Reflection at a tissue interface depends primarily on
    (A) impedance                   correct
    (B) bandwidth
    (C) beam profile
    (D) velocity differences

  9. Azimuthal resolution is also known as
    (A) lateral resolution             correct
    (B) range resolution
    (C) axial resolution
    (D) none of the above

  10. What is the Doppler shift frequency in soft tissue if the transmitted frequency is 3
    MHz and the velocity of a reflector is 20 cm/s ?
    (A) 195 Hz
    (B) 390 Hz
    (C) 780 Hz               correct
    (D) 3.07 MHz
    (E) 3.14 MHz

    11. Intensity of the ultrasound beam is proportional to the square root of the acoustic pressure
    (A) True
    (B) False        correct


  11. Aliasing is not a problem with color flow imaging.
    (A) True
    (B) False           correct

  12. Density is an acoustic variable
    (A) True           correct
    (B) False

  13. If the PRF increases, duty factor ___________

    (A) Increases                 correct
    (B) decreases
    C) remains the same
    (D) is unrelated 

    15. A-Mode is mainly used to measure distance
    (A) True           correct
    (B) False 

    16. Period is
    A) the amplitude of a wave
    (B) the speed of a wave
    (C) the time it takes to complete a single cycle                      correct
    (D) the length it takes to complete a single cycle

  14. Spatial pulse length is determined by the
    (A) oscillator
    (B) pulser
    (C) pulse oscillator
    (D) all of the above                  correct

  15. Transmission angle is less than the incident angle if the propagation speed of
    (A) medium 2 is less than that of medium 1                   correct
    (B) medium 1 is higher than that of medium 2
    (C) two media are the same
    (D) none of the above

  16. Diffraction is the
    (A) spreading out of an ultrasound beam               correct
    (B) bending of the sound beam
    (C) dissipation of heat
    (D) reverse refraction

  17. Annular array transducers steer the beam
    (A) axially
    (B) electronically
    (C) mechanically                      correct
    (D) none of the above

  18. _______ is a Rayleigh scatterer
    (A) lung
    (B) liver
    (C) red cell                     correct
    (D) diaphragm

  19. A bit is the smallest part of a digital “word”
    (A) True                   correct
    (B) False

  20. Velocity times density equals
    (A) intensity
    (B) duty factor
    (C) quality factor
    (D) impedance                correct

  21. What is the pulse duration for five cycles of 5 MHz ultrasound ?
    (A) 0.5 microsecond
    (B) 1.0 microsecond              correct
    (C) 0.25 microsecond
    (D) 5.0 microsecond

  22. Aliasing artifacts are unique to
    (A) power doppler
    (B) pulsed Doppler                correct 
    (C) continuous wave Doppler
    (D) none of the above

  23. The intensity reflection coefficient depends on acoustic impedance mismatch
    (A) True                  correct
    (B) False

  24. Velocity of sound in a medium is constant regardless of frequency.
    (A) True                 correct
    (B) False

  25. Density is not an acoustic variable
    (A) True
    (B) False                  answer is b false

  26. If the PRP increases, duty factor ___________
    (A) Increases
    (B) decreases                              correct
    (C) remains the same
    (D) is unrelated

  27. A high PRF is needed to image deep structures

    (A) True
    (B) False                        answer is false   b

  28. Longitudinal waves are
    (A) parallel to the axis of the wave propagation                          correct
    (B) perpendicular to the axis of the wave propagation
    (C) compressed perpendicular to the axis of the wave propagation
    (D) none of the above

  29. Wavelength has the greatest effect on
    (A) lateral resolution
    (B) far zone
    (C) axial resolution                        correct
    (D) temporal resolution

  30. What is necessary to calculate distance to a reflector ?
    (A) density and pulse length
    (B) density and round-trip time
    (C) attenuation coefficient and reflector amplitude
    (D) propagation speed and round-trip time                           correct answer

  31. Scattering is
    (A) redirection of the sound beam in many directions  ;correct     
    (B) bending of the sound beam in any direction
    (C) heat conversion
    (D) none of the above

  32. The percentage of ultrasound reflected at an air/liquid interface is
    (A) 100%
    (B) high                  correct answer
    (C) low
    (D) none

  33. A specular reflector has surface texture ________ the wavelength of the incident
    wave
    (A) less than
    (B) equal to
    (C) irrelevant to                 correct 
    (C) greater than

  34. In a cathode ray tube display device the electron beam is steered by
    (A) deflection plates                        correct answer
    (B) phased arrays
    (C) photon converters
    (D) voltages from the scan converter

  35. If it takes 50 microseconds for a pulse to return as an echo, how deep is the
    reflector ?
    (A) 1 cm
    (B) 2 cm
    (C) 3 cm               correct answer
    (D) 4 cm

  36. Q value is determined by
    (A) frequency and bandwidth                correct answer
    (B) pulse duration and bandwidth
    (C) impedance and bandwidth
    (D) none of the above

  37. Shadowing artifacts are
    (A) from velocity change
    (B) observed distal to cystic structures
    (C) caused by differences in attenuation             correct answer
    (D) none of the above

  38. A-mode scanning represents the depth of the signal in the horizontal dimension.
    (A) True               correct answer
    (B) False

  39. Poiseuille’s equation states that the volume rate of flow through a vessel is
    inversely proportional to
    (A) vessel radius
    (B) blood density
    (C) pressure gradient
    (D) blood viscosity               correct answer

 Temperature is an acoustic variable

(A) True               correct answer
(B) False

41;  make sure to study  the ALARA PRINCIPLE 

42.
Spatial pulse length __________ if the frequency is increased
(A) Increases
(B) decreases             correct answer
(C) remains the same
(D) is unrelated


  1. The Reynolds number predicts aliasing
    (A) True
    (B) False              answer is b false

  2. Transverse waves are
    (A) parallel to the axis of the wave propagation
    (B) perpendicular to the axis of the wave propagation ; correct answer
    (C) compressed perpendicular to the axis of the wave propagation
    (D) none of the above

  3. Beam diameter determines
    (A) temporal resolution
    (B) the number of scan lines
    (C) axial resolution
    (D) lateral resolution            correct answer

  4. Mirror image artifact is sometimes seen near the
    (A) aorta
    (B) gall bladder
    (C) stomach
    (D) diaphragm           correct answer

  5. The binary number 1011000 equals the decimal
    number
    (A) 64
    (B) 101
    (C) 88              correct answer
    (D) 1342

  6. Low frequency transducers have
    (A) shorter wavelengths and less penetration
    (B) longer wavelengths and greater penetration;  correct answer
    (C) shorter wavelengths and greater penetration
    (D) longer wavelengths and less penetration
  7.    For those who are writing the SPI- Ultrasound physics exam. I have notes for sale it is about 1500  multiple choices sets for ARDMS -spi exam = 50 USA DOLLARS. I study those notes and passed my exam 670/700 . If you want to buy i can copy the notes and send them to you in e mail or by mail   you can reach me at drsteveramsey@gmail.com . I will also include some of the ideas about the 12 simulation questions.  The payment with  PayPal      to drsteveramsey@gmail.com ,  fetal gender , Saad Ismail   

Steve Ramsey. Calgary, Canada.

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